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Kativasti
The central portion of" the body is called 'Kati\ Vasti implies a container. Kativasti is an effective therapy for Katisula, which is the term for lower backache or stiffness or pain felt along the back.

A small receptacle of black gram dough is made on the lower back, around the lumbo-sacral area. After ensuring that this is leak-proof, lukewarm herbal oil, which alleviates pain and strengthens the bone tissues, is slowly poured into it. The oil and receptacle are removed after about half an hour. The affected area may be gently massaged with the same oil. The patient is then advised to take rest for a short while. For Ihe severe conditions of gridrasi (sciatica) and osteo-arthritis of the hip, a disease condition characterized by severe pain radiating down the leg, a combination of shanmna (palliative) and shodhana (eliminatory) measures is necessary if a relapse is to be avoided.
 

 
Netravasti (Akshitarpana)
Netmvcisti is a treatment for the eyes. To undergo this treatment the patient is made to lie on his back on the droni as in Urovasti. A receptacle is built around the eyes with black gram dough for the retention of the medicated ghee (ghrittim) used in the therapy. The receptacle around the eyes should be one and a hall" inches high and totally leak-proof. After the ghee is poured over the patient's closed eyes, he/she is asked to open them slowly. The ghee is normally kept in the receptacle for less than five minutes after which it is gently removed while the patient keeps his eyes closed. Exposure to strong sunlight must be avoided for some time after this treatment. Netravttsti is indicated for glaucoma, conjunctivitis and night blindness.
   
 
   

Pichu
Pichu and Shirovasti are theoretically the same except for the modes of application which vary slightly. Both treatments are for ailments affecting the region above the neck, especially due to disrupted Vata dosha. Pichu is also used to treat some ailments of the cranial nerves. The patient should sit or lie down comfortably with an upright head. To begin with, oil is applied to the crown and a headband (yartti) tied just above the ear level. A piece of cloth about nine inches square, folded to the thickness of the palm, the Pichu is then dipped in the prescribed herbal oil and placed gently on the patient's crown.

As it is essential to keep the pichu drenched in oil throughout, oil should be dripped on to it periodically. If not restricted by the physician, the patient may have a bath after a session of Pichu.

  
 
 
Shirovasti
Shirovasti considered more of a palliative (Shamana) treatment than an elimi-native (Shodluma) one. The treatment is usually preceded by oleation (Snehami) and sudation (Swedtina}. A leather sleeve of about six to eight inches in length is placed on the shaven head of the patient and a band (mrtti) tied around the forehead to keep it in place. Kneaded dough is used to line the inside of this sleeve and ensure thai it does not leak. Oil is then poured into the sleeve and allowed to remain on the head for a while. T The length of time the oil should he kept there is determined by the severity of the disease. Usually it is upto fifty minutes for diseases caused by severe M/« disorders.

This treatment is prescribed for disorders like facial paralysis, cataract, deafness, earache, insomnia and other diseases that afflict the cranial nerves.
   
 
  Urovasti
Urovasti is administered to the 'urns' or the chest to treat pain in the sternum. As in Kativasti, a small receptacle is made on the chest with black gram paste. Oil is poured into this and allowed to remain there for some time. 		 
 
 
Upanahasweda
An 'Upanahasweda* or poultice is a local application of a medicinal paste to treat pain associated with swelling.

A medicinal paste is prepared out of various substances. Seeds having anti-inflammatory and pain-reducing properties are ground in herbal oils or herbs are cooked with grains like wheat or Navara rice to make the paste.

A moderately thick layer of the hot paste is applied to the affected part. Often the area is then bandaged with cloth or leaves. The bandage is usually kept on for over twelve hours..
   
 
   

Talam
Medicinal paste applied on the crown or forehead is called Talam. Different kinds of talams are prescribed according to the nature of the illness. Treatments like Pizhichil, Navarakkizhi and Sarvangadhara are preceded by the Talam.

 
 
 
Talapotichil
Covering of the head with medicinal paste is known as Talapotichil. It is an important treatment for many minor and major diseases that afflict the head. The hair on the head should be completely shaven or cut short. The paste is applied on the crown to a thickness of 3 cms. After a prescribed time the paste is removed and a fresh coating applied. The duration of the treatment is specified by the physician
   
 
   

Karnapoorana
Karnapoorana literally means filling the ears. The patient is made to lie on one side. The ear lobes are gently massaged with oil as in Purvakarma. Lukewarm, purified medicated oil is gently poured into one ear. After remaining in the same position for about five minutes, the patient is turned and the process is repeated in the other ear

 
 
 

Lepana
Lepana is the external application of medicinal paste on the body where pain associated with inflammatory condition persists. The ingredients of the paste vary according to the nature of the ailment.
   
 
   

Udwartana
Udwanana means to elevate or to promote. The name can be attributed either to the treatment's ability to improve the body condition or to the upward strokes used in massage here, unlike in other ayurvedic treatments.

 
 
 


 
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